CULTURAL FACTORS AFFECTING STROKE REHABILITATION: INSIGHTS FROM PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTIONERS IN MANSA DISTRICT, ZAMBIA

Abstract

Background: Despite progress in stroke prevention and rehabilitation, stroke continues to rank as the third leading cause of death and a major cause of long-term disability among adults. In Mansa District, only a small proportion of stroke patients access hospital care, largely due to cultural beliefs and perceptions. These cultural factors can greatly impact the delivery and effectiveness of rehabilitation services, as well as patient participation. However, there is limited understanding of how cultural beliefs and practices shape stroke experiences and rehabilitation in Mansa District. 

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of physiotherapy practitioners on cultural influences on rehabilitation of stroke patients in Mansa District in Luapula Province of Zambia. 

Methods: An exploratory study design was adopted using qualitative methods. The study was conducted at Mansa General Hospital among eight (8) Physiotherapy Practitioners who were selected purposively. Data were collected through a focus group discussion using a structured focus group discussion guide adapted from related studies. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data, and results have been presented in narrative form. All ethical principles were strictly upheld. 

Results: The study revealed several features of the Mansa culture that were believed to affect the stroke rehabilitation process. These were cultural beliefs, family involvement, patient-centred factors linked to compliance to physiotherapy treatment, and patient/family knowledge about stroke. To address these cultural issues, patient and caregiver education, and counselling were among the strategies physiotherapy practitioners had put in place. Also allowing fellow patients and stroke survivors to share their experiences with other patients was helpful during the rehabilitation process. 

Conclusion: The study found that cultural beliefs, limited awareness, and traditional practices hinder stroke rehabilitation in Mansa. Addressing these requires culturally sensitive education and interventions, basic counselling training for physiotherapists, community engagement, tailored home programs, and peer support networks among stroke survivors to enhance recovery.