THE EVOLUTIONARY TREND OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN AFRICA AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SURGICAL CARE DELIVERY: THE NIGERIA PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The concept of laparoscopic surgery dates back to the 19th century when early attempts were made to visualize the abdominal cavity using mirrors and primitive lighting systems. It has, however, undergone revolutionary advancement over the past decades in various surgical specialties by offering a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgeries, thereby significantly reducing trauma from surgery and associated morbidity.

This article reviews the epidemiological advancement of laparoscopic surgery in Africa, especially in Nigeria. It discusses its benefits and contributions to surgical practice while highlighting challenges associated with its advancement and how they can be addressed.

Data was obtained through a review of available research papers online via search engines, including PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keywords; Laparoscopy, Minimal Access Surgery, Africa, Nigeria.

Laparoscopic surgery has grown significantly in Africa over the past decade, with countries like South Africa and Egypt taking the lead, however, challenges related to access, training, equipment, and stable electric power supply persist in countries like Nigeria, Kenya, and Ghana, where progress is occurring at a relatively slower pace. These challenges can be adequately addressed through appropriate Government policies on healthcare funding and surgeons training on laparoscopy skills, including exposure to simulated training modules.

The continued expansion of laparoscopic surgery in Africa promises to improve surgical care delivery, reduce complications, and enhance patient outcomes. Further efforts are needed to ensure equitable access to laparoscopic surgery in Nigeria and across Africa.