Prevalence of Eye Diseases among Primary and Secondary School Learners in Kabwe District - Zambia

Abstract

Objective: To determine the pattern and magnitude of eye diseases among primary and secondary school learners in Kabwe District in Zambia.

Method: A cross-sectional study of 41 primary and secondary schools in Kabwe District. The examination included visual acuity (VA) testing, cycloplegic retinoscopy with subjective refinement if indicated, ocular motility testing, anterior segment and fundus examinations m visually impaired children.

Results: There was an estimated total of 32,971 learners who were eligible to participate of which a total of23,915 (72.5%) were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of eye diseases was 8.3%, with allergic conjunctivitis 5.7% followed by refractive error 1.5% and the least was pengicular disorder at 0.008%. None of those with refractive errors had an eye examination in the past. Glaucoma was diagnosed in three learners (0.01 %).

Conclusion: The survey found a moderate prevalence of eye diseases among the learners in Kabwe District with allergic conjunctivitis being the most prevalent cause followed by exceptionally low prevalence of refractive errors.