Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and associated complications among patients receiving otorhinolaryngology services at Muhimbili National Hospital

Abstract

Background: The prevalence and burden of Allergic rhinitis have been rising worldwide in recent years, but little is known about its pattern and magnitude especially Tanzania. The overall prevalence was 10.3% with no sex or racial predilection.

Adenoid hypertrophy, tonsillitis, hypertrophy of inferior turbinate, nasal polyps, otitis media, middle ear effusion and sinusitis were the most common complications affecting more than 90% of cases and were the major reason for attending hospital services.

The aim of this study was to reveal the baseline information concerning the pattern of AR and its magnitude at MNH which is the largest hospital in Tanzania.

Materials and method: A cross-sectional, hospital based study was done, a total of 1984 patients received ORL services at Muhimbili national hospital during study period were interviewed all  patients with a clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis were captured; Data was collected using a pre-tested coded questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS statistical computer software version 21.

Results: The overall prevalence of allergic rhinitis in our study was found to be 10.3%, commonly affecting children and adolescent. With equal male to female ratio and the mean age of patients was 22.1 years (SD=1.6). About 80% of patients were coming from Dar es Salaam.

Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis is prevalently common in our setting most victims seek medical services due to complications of which combination of surgical and medical treatment was needed. High index of suspicion in diagnosing allergic rhinitis and early treatment is the key to success.