Archives - Page 2

• An Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Pregnancy Related Acute Kidney Injury in Women Admitted to the High Dependency Care Unit at Women and Newborn Hospital, Lusaka-Zambia

  Vol. 49 No. (2) 138-145 (2022)

  To evaluate factors associated with
  Pregnancy-related Kidney Injury (PRAKI) in
  women admitted to high dependency care unit at
  Women and Newborn Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

• Evolution of spontaneous dissecting mycotic Superior Mesenteric aneurysm in a 12-year-old child: A case report

  Vol. 47 No. (3) 250-254 (2020)

  ceral artery aneurysms are uncommon especially
  in children. One of the main complications before
  surgery is rupture.
  This 12-year-old child presented with a large, fast
  growing, mycotic superior mesenteric aneurysm
  that had all the favourable conditions for rupture.
  There was spontaneous dissection of the weakened
  media with partial erosion of the aneurysm into the
  wall of the third part of the duodenum. However, this
  aneurysm formed a thrombus that gradually
  occluded the lumen. This led to formation of
  collateral vessels for the continued vascular supply
  of the midgut.
  The uniqueness of this case report has been
  highlighted from several points (the rarity of the
  condition in children, the favorability of the
  conditions to rupture, the gradual but complete
  luminal occlusion with the eventual formation of
  collaterals to supply the midgut, and the
  spontaneous medial dissection with partial duodenal
  wall erosion without causing rupture).
  Although there is no standard surgical approach,
  early elective surgery is recommended. Nonoperative
  approach is an option that should aim at
  reducing the risk for rupture. Control of blood
  pressure is key.
  This child underwent surgery. Under total vascular
  exclusion, the aneurysm was opened. After total
  luminal occlusion and collateral blood supply to
  midgut was noted, infected thrombus was evacuated
  and the aneurysm walls debrided.

• Success of Aetoxiscerolin the Treatment of Medically Refractory Rectal Mucous Prolapse among Children at the Hospital Aristide Le Dantec in Dakar, Senegal

  Vol. 48 No. (1) 15-18 (2021)

  Rectal prolapse (RP) is a protrusion of
  the rectum through the anus. In the literature.
  Sclerotherapy is the best second line minimally
  invasive method. The purpose of this work is to
  review the effectiveness of this technique in a
  context where surgical procedures still seem to be
  very used.

• Violence against women: A comparative study of the pattern and experience before and during pregnancy among antenatal clinic attendees at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

  Vol. 47 No. (2) 147-153 (2020)

  While violence against women is
  increasing globally, its prevention and evaluation in
  pregnancy has not receiving adequate attention.

• Is Ending Fistula within a Decade Achievable for Zambia?

  Vol. 49 No. (41) 1-3 (2022)

  On 23t May 2022, Zambia will join the global
  community in commemorating the International Day to End Obstetric Fistula (DEOF). The day, s by the United Nations, aims to recognize the struggles of women living with fistula, a devastating health condition caused primarily by prolonged/obstructed labor and, increasingly, by unsafe obstetric or gynecological surgery. IDEOF also recognizes the efforts of governments, maternal health stakeholders, and health care workers to prevent and treat fistula, making progress towards a global goal of ending fistula by 2030.0bstetric Fistula (OF) leads to chronic incontinence of urine and feaces and, in most cases, significant physical and emotional suffering. Women who suffer from OF live in shame as they are constantly soiled and wet, and that they smell. Their pain and shame may e further complicated by infertility, damage to their vaginal tissue that makes sexual activity difficult or impossible and paralysis of muscles in their lower limbs which may require the use of crutches. In most cases, it also tragically leads to delivery ofa stillborn neonate.

• Effects of Silver sulfadiazine and Actilite® Honey on Bacteria Wound Colonisation and Wound Healing in Children with Partial Superficial Burn Wounds at University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.

  Vol. 45 No. (4) 210-215 (2018)

  Background: Burn wounds are a global public
  health concern and Zambia has not been spared.
  Burn wounds account for 6% of surgical admissions
  yearly and yet are amongst the common causes of
  mortality at University Teaching Hospital (UTH).
  Burn wounds seen at UTH affect children more than
  adults and the common size is £20 per cent and
  partial superficial thickness in depth. The hospital
  has no burns unit and as such patients are admitted in
  general wards where cross infection is not
  uncommon. With high infection and mortality rates
  at UTH this study is of importance as it examined the
  effects of Actilite® honey and Silver sulfadiazine on
  bacteria wound colonisation and wound healing in
  paediatric partial superficial burn wounds of £20 per
  cent total body surface area.

• Causes of Reject and Repeat of Digital Radiographic Images: A Literature Review to Guide the Practice of Radiography in Zambia

  Vol. 48 No. (1) 38-45 (2021)

  Radiographers aim at always
  improving the quality of imaging services through
  the production of high-quality diagnostic images,
  whilst minimising the radiation doses to patients and
  reducing healthcare costs. One strategy used in
  achieving this is conducting periodical reject and
  repeat image analysis.

• Incorporating “ICT” Training into Undergraduate Medical Curriculum: An Online Survey assessing the opinions of Medical Students

  Vol. 47 No. (3) 215-222 (2020)

  The huge relevance of Information
  and Communications Technology (ICT) in
  healthcare cannot be overemphasized. Despite the
  huge benefits associated with the use of ICT in
  healthcare, many medical schools (especially in the
  developing countries) are yet to incorporate ICT
  education as an academic course in their school
  curricula. This study aims to assess the opinions of
  medical students on the incorporation of ICT as an
  academic course into undergraduate medical
  curriculum.

• Clinical Audit of Stillbirths at a Faith-Based Secondary Health Centre in Ibadan, Nigeria: A Six- Year Review

  Vol. 49 No. (2) 157-162 (2022)

  The determine the prevalence of stillbirth
  and identify associated factors among parturients in
  a faith-based secondary health centre.

• Cerebrospinal Fluid Ascites: A Patient Case Report and Literature Review

  Vol. 45 No. (4) 230-233 (2018)

  Cerebrospinal fluid ascites following ventriculoperitoneal
  shunting for hydrocephalus is a very rare
  complication. We present the first case at our
  hospital. A 3year old female with communicating
  hydrocephalus presented with massive ascites. It
  recurred with 2-3weeks of ascitic tap to dryness.
  Other possible causes of ascites were excluded by
  normal renal and liver function tests and clinically
  normal cardiac function. Tests done on the ascitic
  fluid showed that it was consistent with
  cerebrospinal fluid with no signs of infection. CT
  abdomen excluded abdominal masses and CSF
  pseudo-cyst. A ventriculo-Atrial shunt was done and
  the ascites slowly regressed over the next 2-3 weeks
  with no recurrence. The reason why the peritoneum
  failed to absorb the CSF was not established.

• Bilharzial-associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder in Pregnancy: A Case Report from the Women and Newborn Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

  Vol. 48 No. (3) 346-349 (2021)

  Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare and devastating malignancy, usually associated with Schistosoma haematobium, particularly in bilharzia-endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Little is written about the condition in pregnancy. 

  A21-year-old Gravida 2 Para 1 at 28 weeks gestation presented with worsening symptoms of dysuria, increased frequency of micturition, backache, a painful suprapubic mass and haematuria of over a period of 3 weeks. On examination, vital signs were normal, height of fundus 26cm, with a tender suprapubic mass. Extra peritoneal laparotomy revealed multiple signs of a bladder malignancy which were confirmed by histopathology as Schistosoma haematobium ova and invasive keratinising SCC of the bladder, grade 1. Intraoperatively, T4 carcinoma staging was confirmed. Patient was delivered prematurely by caesarean section due to worsening symptoms. Palliative care was instituted as the functional status of the patient did not allow for definitive management. Subclinical urinary schistosomiasis can progress to a SCC of the bladder, presenting with symptoms implicated in conditions such as bladder lithiasis, Urinary tract infections and pregnancy. Urine cytology and mass drug administration should be enforced as means of early detection and prevention, respectively in endemic regions.

• Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics among Secondary School Students in Birnin Kebbi, Northern Nigeria: Population-Based Study

  Vol. 47 No. (3) 197-203 (2020)

  Dental aesthetics is a major
  determinant of good psychosocial well-being.
  Individuals with good dental aesthetic appearance
  tend to enjoy better social interactions and quality of
  life than those with poor dental aesthetic
  appearance. This study aims to assess the
  psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics among
  secondary school students in Birnin Kebbi
  metropolis, Kebbi State, Northern Nigeria.

• Maternal Complications of Severe Pre-Eclampsia at a Tertiary Level Hospital In Zambia

  Vol. 46 No. (2) 117-123 (2019)

  The objective of the study was to
  describe the maternal outcomes and mode of
  delivery among women with Severe pre-eclampsia
  (SPE) admitted to the University teaching
  Hospitals- Women and Newborn Hospital (UTHWNH).

• Non-suicidal and Suicidal Self-harm at a Psychiatric Centre at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria: A review of cases

  Vol. 48 No. (3) 221-228 (2021)

  Previous self-harm has been reported as an important risk factor for future attempts and death by suicide, therefore understanding the psychosocial characteristics of people with a history of self-harm may help in developing models for reduction of suicide. The objective of this study was to present the psychosocial characteristics of patients who presented with self-harm and recorded them in our suicidality register

• Prevalence of Tuberculosis among bedside contacts of Smear Positive Tuberculosis Patients at The University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

  Vol. 47 No. (3) 170-178 (2020)

  Screening of contacts of tuberculosis
  (TB) patients is not routinely done in resourcelimited
  countries like Zambia despite the World
  Health Organization (WHO) recommendations,
  leading to missed opportunities for prevention,
  early diagnosis and high mortality.

• Mental Health and Healthcare Provision in Zambian Correctional Facilities

  Vol. 47 No. (3) 208-214 (2020)

  The aim was to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, mental health problems and mental health care service provisions in Zambian correctional facilities

• SARS-Cov-2 Infection and severe proximal myopathy secondary to dermatomyositis and overlap systemic sclerosis: A Case Report from Zambia

  Vol. 49 No. (1) 82-90 (2022)

  Myositis has been reported to be
  associated or triggered by viruses. Genetic and
  environmental factors are documented risk for
  myopathies. Viruses have also been shown to
  modify the clinical course of auto-immune diseases.
  We therefore report a case of SARS-Cov-2 infection
  in a 26-year-old female black Zambian patient with
  proximal myopathy.

• Prevalence and Bacteriology of Tonsillitis among Patients attending Otorhinolaryngology Department at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam- Tanzania

  Vol. 46 No. (1) 33-40 (2019)

  Tonsillitis is a common infectious
  disease contributing to significant social-economic
  impact worldwide. Like other infectious diseases,
  the determination of the pathogenic agents is
  important in antibiotic selection for the medical
  treatment of tonsillitis. Data on bacteriology of
  tonsillitis in Tanzania is scarce. The aim of this study
  was thus to determine the prevalence and
  bacteriology of tonsillitis in

• Early versus late presentation in labour by parturient women at a tertiary facility in North Central Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

  Vol. 48 No. (3) 181-187 (2021)

  Adequate intrapartum care is important in modulating pregnancy outcome through prevention, early recognition and appropriate treatment of intrapartum complications

• Oral Health of Vegetarians is a Neglected Aspect of Stomatological Research: A Reflection based on PubMed Evidence

  Vol. 49 No. (2) 113-117 (2022)

  The vegetarians form one-fifth of the global
  population. The vegetarians are a peculiar group of
  people; existing body of scientific evidence shows
  that they are a highly vulnerable group of people
  when it comes to oral diseases. The oral health of
  vegetarians is a critical aspect of dentistry; however,
  current evidence—based on PubMed database
  search—shows a dearth of literature on this thematic
  area. It appears this aspect is being neglected in the
  field of stomatological research.