Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Among Healthcare Workers at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Zambia

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an escalating global health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Zambia. This study examined healthcare workers’ (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) at Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital (LMUTH).

Objectives: The primary objective was to assess DSMES-related KAP among HCWs. Secondary objectives explored the influence of professional background, work experience, and academic qualifications on KAP outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using structured questionnaires administered to 100 HCWs. Data were analysed using SPSS version 29, employing descriptive statistics and bivariate logistic regression.

Results: Most participants were female (72%) and aged under 35 years (73%). Nurses formed the majority (60%), with 62% holding diplomas and 53% having less than five years of experience. About 61% had good knowledge, 54% exhibited positive attitudes, and 84% demonstrated good DSMES-related practices. Participants over 35 years had significantly greater odds of possessing good knowledge (aOR = 5.806, p < 0.001). Nurses were more likely to demonstrate good knowledge (aOR = 14.389, p = 0.044) and positive attitudes (aOR = 25.700, p = 0.007) compared to physicians. DSMES resource use positively correlated with attitudes (aOR = 4.944, p = 0.026) and practices (aOR = 9.482, p = 0.017).

Conclusions: Demographic and professional factors significantly influenced DSMES-related KAP among HCWs at LMUTH. Tailored interventions are necessary to address disparities and enhance DSMES delivery.